iris lacustris not extinct

Scoggan, H.J. Potential or status unknown populations are shown in Table 1. Michigan Botanist 2: 99-114. 2. Contr. 4 pp. More Iris Photos. 2009. Jones, J.A. Chiltoskey, 1975. Currently, the total Canadian population totals over 50 million ramets, at least 50 times more than previously reported. Jones, J.A. Ecology and management of Iris lacustris in Wisconsin. Iris brevicaulis. U.S. White, and Keddy, C.J., eds. Michigan Flora, Part 1: Gymnosperms and Monocots. Populations on current lakeshore sites cannot be older than the glacial retreat 11,000 years ago (Karrow 1987) and are likely much younger because current lakeshore sites were inundated during the Nipissing period (9,000-6,000 years ago) (Morton and Venn 2000). New growth comes from the rhizomes in spring. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2011.Catalogue No. Engelken (2003) examined reproductive success in Dwarf Lake Iris in three different habitat types on the Bruce Peninsula. v + 98 pp. Threatened and Endangered Species System. Chittenden, E.M. 1995. Michigan Botanist 32: 209-222. Morgan. Federal Register, Vol. Dwarf Lake Iris was reported in 1874 by Macoun from the Fishing Islands, Bruce County, but has not been seen there since (Table 2). COSEWIC Secretariat c/o Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Tel. Alvars of the Bruce Peninsula: A Consolidated Summary of Ecological Surveys. 1913. The recovery strategy (Jalava 2008b) has been posted on the SARA Public Registry, which identifies critical habitat. This process may take anywhere from 50 to several hundred years. Preliminary Results: Pollination of the Glacial Endemic Iris lacustris on the Bruce Peninsula. Dykes, W.R. 1913. Ang mga gi basihan niini. Discontinuous over ~5.5 km of shoreline-->1,000,000 ramets. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Threatened Status for Iris lacustris (Dwarf Lake Iris). Recent road and cottage development in the area impeded shoreline access. 1996-2008) have observed sterile colonies of ramets under full canopy with no flowers present. Searched briefly but not much suitable habitat present. The Flora of Canada, Part 2, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Monocotyledoneae. Habitat for this species has not yet been regulated anywhere. Since the 1890s there has been a slight decline of 5% and future declines are expected if cottage and housing development continues to occur in the occupied areas. However, there are situations in which Dwarf Lake Iris can thrive with human activities. Jarmo Jalava is a consulting ecologist who has been involved in species at risk (SAR) and conservation planning work in Ontario since 1978. Kristina Makkay is an ecologist specializing in field botany. COSEWIC also gratefully acknowledges the financial support of Parks Canada for the preparation of this report. The number of locations within a single large population would depend on the type of potential threat being considered, and the resulting number of locations at that population may be different for different threats. 1983. Not accessible by land. Although over 1 million shoots have been counted in this clonal species that forms large patches, the number of actual individuals represented by this figure is unknown. 1937. Existing Protection or Other Status Designations, Acknowledgements and Authorities Contacted, Également disponible en français sous le titre Évaluation et Rapport de situation du, http://www.registrelep-sararegistry.gc.ca/sar/assessment/status_e.cfm, http://www.cpp.msu.edu/etposter/etposter.htm, 3 patches found E of private cottage area. Krotkov, P.V. Part of the Dwarf Lake Iris population on the Wikwemikong Reserve is protected in an area that has been a protected wilderness since the mid-1980s (designated by a band council resolution). This clone is widely distributed between gardeners in Almaty, Kazakhstan under name Iris lacustris. The plant is conspicuous and showy when in flower and became the Michigan state wildflower in 1998 (Michigan Natural History Magazine 2002). lacustris (Nutt.) The U.S. Endangered Species Act since 1988. Therefore, for a definitive identification, it is recommended to survey either in early June when the iris is in flower, or in mid-July to mid-August when the vertical, sticky stems and white flowers or reddish fruits of Sticky False Asphodel are present. The most recent review of the American status of the species was initiated in 2007 (USFWS 2009). The total population is not considered to be severely fragmented. Prepared for Parks Canada Agency, Bruce Peninsula National Park / Fathom Five National Marine Park, Tobermory, Ontario. 1996-2008), there certainly are situations in which Dwarf Lake Iris can thrive with human activities. Part of the Dwarf Lake Iris population on the Wikwemikong Reserve is in an area that has been a protected wilderness since the mid-1980s (designated by a band council resolution). Karrow, P. F. 1987 Glacial and glaciolacustrine events in northwestern Lake Huron, Michigan and Ontario. The total population is not severely fragmented. Main population along paths near lakeshore - 23 patches counted, 318 m. Species not found. Of 40 extant Canadian populations consisting of over 50 million stems, two thirds occur outside of protected areas and are susceptible to shoreline development. The difficulty of controlling ATV use makes it a serious concern, even though there may be some localized benefits (see next). ssp. 1972. var. Common associates of Dwarf Lake Iris include Bearberry (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), Richardson’s Sedge (Carex richardsonii), Ebony Sedge (C. eburnea), and Fringed Polygala (Polygala paucifolia). The Flora of the Tobermory Islands Bruce Peninsula National Park. Projected or suspected percent reduction (or increase) in total number of mature individuals over the next 10 years, or 3 generations. Is the total population severely fragmented? Guire K.E. Bibliography. Internal report prepared for Parks Canada, Resource Conservation Division, Ontario Region, Cornwall, 182 pp. The limiting factors include: inability to grow in shade; lack of insect pollinators; low genetic diversity; and low dispersal ability. IRIS LACUSTRIS SEEDS (Dwarf Lake Iris) - Plant World Seeds. The fruit is a dry capsule. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Botany, No. The threats are: shoreline development and road construction, loss of habitat from fire suppression, and trampling from ATVs, heavy machinery, pedestrians, and bicycles. There are 40 extant populations in Canada (all in Ontario), as well as 80 sites in Michigan and 15 in Wisconsin. Species not found. These are in areas where the canopy is closing due to succession or where habitat has been altered or destroyed by human activity. Data may not reflect true distribution since much of the state has not been thoroughly surveyed. Endangered and Threatened Species of Michigan: Cultivating Rare Plants. However, the plant is conspicuous and showy when in flower and became the state wildflower of Michigan in 1998. This population is closer to Michigan populations on Drummond Island than to the rest of the Canadian range. However, this does not take into consideration the size of each population. A new station for the dwarf lake iris, Iris lacustris. Makkay location is in different alvar from Schaefer’s. 26, p. 371. accessed March 23, 2009. Family: Iridaceae . In the absence of fire or other ecological processes, the natural, long-term trend in the habitat is for vegetation cover to increase, the canopy to close, and for conditions to become unsuitable for Dwarf Lake Iris. Much of the area of this polygon is Lake Huron waters between the Bruce Peninsula and Manitoulin Island. Keddy, eds. 2000. Canadian Journal of Botany 72: 1720-1722. All suitable habitat for Dwarf Lake Iris was surveyed (Jones 2007). 488 pp. If in the park, not extensive. Unpublished database submitted to Parks Canada and Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre. Geological Society of America Bulletin 98: 113–120. It is unknown whether this limiting factor could be affecting populations of Dwarf Lake Iris. Crispin, and P.J. 1: 23 (1818) Accepted by. Preliminary reports on the flora of Wisconsin. Iris chrysophylla. The anthropogenic threats are: Residential development and road construction along the Lake Huron shoreline impact Dwarf Lake Iris and its habitat. Field observations (Jones and Jalava pers. Penskar, M.R., S.R. The plants spread by rhizomes (underground stems), often forming colonies of ramets (individual shoots) that may cover large patches of ground, from a few square metres to several square kilometres (Figure 2). That review may have resulted in changes and additions to the initial version of the report. 1996-2009) suggest little evidence of browsing. Iris lacustris, a small species of the Lophiris section (Evansia irises, division 7). Confidential list of locations to accompany the COSEWIC status report on Dwarf Lake Iris. Rare Vascular Plants of Ontario, Fourth Edition. 1983. It is a vulnerable threatened species since 1988. 31, Waterloo, ON. In all three habitats, control flowers had less than 5% fruit set. Population likely is still there. The species has no specific cultural use to humans and no medicinal or cultural use is known among local Aboriginal groups. 1993. 230 pp. COSEWIC. Dwarf Lake Iris is a perennial that dies back to its rhizomes and goes dormant in winter. Third, there is a record for Girouard Point, at the southern part of Belanger Bay. National Museums of Canada. Version 7.1. Covers 11.5 ha. This process may take from 50 to several hundred years, based on comparable rates of change found for alvars (Jones and Reschke 2005). King, Eddie, personal communication 1997. Henderson, N.C. 2003. Dwarf Lake Iris is endemic to the Great Lakes region. Map not Available. Therefore, the order of magnitude of the number of ramets is probably more important than the actual value. Presence and effectiveness of pollen vectors is likely a limiting factor (Engelken 2003). 2007. Large populations of Dwarf Lake Iris cannot constitute a single location because it is highly unlikely that a single threatening event could impact the entire area of the population, as required by the IUCN definition. 92 pp. Ottawa. 18 pp. M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev Homonyms Iris lacustris Nutt. Species not found. michiganensis) Endangered Pitcher’s thistle (Cirsium pitcheri) Threatened Hannan G.L. * Formerly described as “Vulnerable” from 1990 to 1999, or “Rare” prior to 1990. Not likely since seed production is low and seed dispersal appears to be very localized. Dwarf Lake Iris is listed as threatened on Schedule 1 of the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA). Colla, S.R. So now I'm sure it is true name. Therefore, human suppression of wildfire now limits the species. Prepared for Ontario Parks Northeast Zone, Sudbury, Ontario. Dwarf Lake Iris blooms from mid-May to early June. 11 m, Site owned by Parks Canada. She also undertook extensive field surveys while working on the Rideau River Biodiversity Study at the Canadian Museum of Nature, and on a wetland biodiversity study at the University of Ottawa with Dr. Jeff Houlihan. The bumble bees of southern Ontario: notes on natural history and distribution. 1965. A 2008 survey found no Iris present and extensive populations of Sticky False Asphodel filling all suitable habitat. Isozyme diversity in Iris cristata and the threatened glacial endemic I. lacustris (Iridaceae). EO ranks are as follows: A - Excellent predicted viability, B - Good predicted viability, E - Verified extant, H – Historical. Dwarf Lake Iris transplants from Manitoulin Island were grown and successfully fruited in a private garden in Ottawa, Ontario for a number of years until they were crowded out by grass (Jones, unpublished data). ix + 33 pp. Federal Register, Vol. Michigan Botanist 22: 93-102. Low genetic diversity increases the potential for loss of individual populations due to disease. Argus, G.W., K.M. If most ramets in very large colonies are clones of one genetic individual, then even with flowering, pollination, and seed set there may be a low potential for outcrossing. In the United States, Dwarf Lake Iris has been designated threatened and legally listed as such under the U.S. Populations in Michigan in Alpena and Presque Isle Counties are separated from the main Canadian population by hundreds of kilometres and by Lake Huron. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) announces availability for public review of the draft recovery plan for the Iris lacustris (dwarf lake iris), a species that is federally listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (Act), as amended. Criterion B (Small Distribution, and Decline or Fluctuation): The extant populations are too numerous and the populations on the west side of the Bruce Peninsula are not severely fragmented. Erroneous and unconfirmed records are shown in Table 3. Not in any category. The remaining reported populations either had vague location data or were on lands where permission to survey was not obtained. Pl. 2.0 2.1; Gikan sa gawas nga tinubdan Dwarf Lake Iris mostly spreads by vegetative reproduction, so a lack of sexual outcrossing may not be a serious problem for the species. Atlas of the Rare Vascular Plants of Ontario. 2009); however, the closely related Crested Iris was used for digestive ailments (Hamel and Chiltosky 1975). In the U.S. it also occurs on sandy beaches (Penskar et al. He has authored or co-authored more than 100 ecological reports, papers, and articles, and has inventoried hundreds of natural areas in southern and central Ontario. A collection by Krotkov in 1933 from “Big Bay”, was erroneously treated by Argus et al. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada, 2nd ed. National Museum of Natural Sciences, Publications in Botany, No. Isozyme diversity in Iris cristata and the threatened glacial endemic I.lacustris (Iridaceae). Threats are known but not easily reversible. Parks Canada Agency, Ottawa. Coverage 53 m², in 3 patches, ~8600 shoots. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1988. Van Kley, J.E. Is rescue from outside populations likely? 92 pp. 2008. The authors offer thanks to J.K. Morton and Joan Venn (University of Waterloo) for help with Manitoulin location data, and to Gary Allen, Frank Burrows, and Jeff Truscott of Parks Canada for data and technical support. lacustris (Nutt.) Iridaceae PER0276.jpg Sylva, N.C. Herald Publishing Co. (p. 41). The current distribution of habitat for Dwarf Lake Iris is probably based on the post-glacial and climatic history of the area. Hamel, Paul B. and Mary U. Chiltoskey 1975 Cherokee Plants and Their Uses -- A 400 Year History. Thus the overall areal extent in Canada is ~25 km². 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